Informed Investors: Research That Doesn't Waste Your Time

We publish when we have something worth saying — not on a content calendar. Every piece below addresses a real question our clients or prospects have raised. No filler, no thought leadership for its own sake. If you want weekly market recaps repackaged from Reuters, there are a thousand newsletters for that. This isn't one of them.

4–6
Publications Per Year
$127M
Assets Under Advisement
13+
Years Analyzing BC Markets

Featured Research: Real Questions From Real Clients

Each article originates from a conversation with a real client or prospect. The questions are specific. The answers draw on our proprietary models, Dr. Elaine Cheung's AI research pipeline, and over a decade of working with owner-operated businesses across British Columbia — from grain traders in Dawson Creek to demolition operators in Surrey. If an article doesn't change how you think about a decision you're currently facing, we haven't done our job.

Featured Research: Real Questions From Real Clients
Cash Flow Strategy

Your Portfolio Doesn't Know You Own a Business — And That's Costing You

Most investment portfolios are built as if the client earns a steady salary. For business owners, this mismatch between portfolio design and actual cash flow patterns leads to forced selling, missed deployment windows, and chronic underperformance. A trucking company owner whose income swings $400,000 between quarters needs a fundamentally different framework than the dentist contributing $5,000 monthly. Three real-world examples — including Pacific Prairie Grain Corp.'s $197,000 annual improvement — demonstrate how cash-flow-aware modeling changes outcomes when the model learns your business's actual rhythm.

8 min read

Your Portfolio Doesn't Know You Own a Business — And That's Costing You
Account Optimization

The $40,000 Question: What Fragmented Accounts Are Really Costing Family Businesses

Business owners accumulate accounts the way garages accumulate tools — one at a time, from different sources, with no organizing system. One client had seven accounts across three institutions with nobody coordinating them. The five most common hidden costs: overlapping holdings that double your exposure to the same risks, MER stacking that compounds silently, missed tax-loss harvesting windows, contradictory mandates between advisors, and advisory blind spots where nobody sees the full picture. Since 2018, our multi-account consolidation service has identified $2.3M in fee savings across our client base.

6 min read

The $40,000 Question: What Fragmented Accounts Are Really Costing Family Businesses
AI Literacy

AI in Investing: Separating the Signal from the Sales Pitch

Every fintech product now claims AI. Most are basic statistics in a trench coat — to borrow Dr. Cheung's phrase. A plain-language framework for business owners evaluating AI-driven investment tools: what questions to ask about training data and validation methodology, what to look for in methodology disclosures (and what it means when they're absent), and the red flags indicating "AI" is marketing veneer over conventional mean-variance optimization with a chatbot bolted on top. Written so you don't need a computer science degree to protect yourself.

10 min read

"Marcus could explain everything the model recommended in terms I understood. No jargon, no hand-waving. When the market dropped in 2022, our drawdown stayed below 8% while friends of mine were down 15–20%."

Eileen Nakamura, Director, NorKai Holdings, Richmond, BC

Plain-Language Glossary: Finance Terms Without the Condescension

Finance buries important ideas under jargon. We refuse to operate that way. Every term below is one you might encounter in our reports, conversations with our team, or the broader market — defined in language that respects your intelligence without assuming a CFA charter. Bookmark this page. We update it as new terms become relevant to our clients' decisions.

Regime Detection Identifying when market behavior shifts from one statistical state to another — e.g., from calm and trending to volatile and mean-reverting — so portfolios adjust before backward-looking models would react. Our AI-driven strategies use regime detection to trigger interim rebalancing between scheduled quarterly reviews.
Sharpe Ratio A risk-adjusted return metric measuring how much return you earn per unit of volatility. Higher is better. It punishes portfolios that take excessive risk for modest gains. For context: Pacific Prairie Grain Corp.'s Sharpe ratio improved from 0.42 to 0.91 after we implemented cash-flow-aware allocation — meaning they earned dramatically more return per unit of risk taken.
CCA (Capital Cost Allowance) Canada's tax depreciation mechanism for business assets. Different asset classes depreciate at different rates — understanding CCA timing directly affects CapEx decisions. The immediate expensing provisions currently in effect can significantly accelerate tax benefits on equipment purchases. Our CapEx timing optimization models factor CCA class into every replacement recommendation.
SEDAR+ Canada's electronic filing system for publicly traded securities documents — annual reports, prospectuses, and material change reports. The first stop for serious due diligence. Our NLP models parse SEDAR+ filings continuously, flagging material language changes within hours of publication rather than days after an analyst writes about them.
MER (Management Expense Ratio) The total annual cost of holding an investment fund, expressed as a percentage. A 2% MER on $1M costs $20,000 per year — often invisible because it's deducted silently from returns. When accounts fragment across multiple institutions, MERs stack and overlap. One of our clients was paying $41,000 annually in overlapping fees before our consolidation audit uncovered the redundancy.
Estate Freeze A tax planning technique that locks the current value of shares for the existing owner and transfers all future growth to the next generation — critical for succession planning in family-operated businesses. Best executed in coordination with your estate lawyer and CPA. We provide the analytical modeling; your legal team executes the structure.
LCGE (Lifetime Capital Gains Exemption) A Canadian tax provision allowing up to approximately $971,190 in tax-free capital gains on qualifying small business shares. Frequently underutilized in family business transitions because advisors don't coordinate with the family's CPA early enough. Proper planning can multiply this exemption across family members — a conversation we initiate during every succession engagement.
Mean-Variance Optimization The classical portfolio construction framework developed by Markowitz. It works on static assumptions — steady contributions, single risk tolerance, fixed time horizon — that rarely hold for business owners with irregular cash flows and multi-stakeholder families. This is exactly why our AI models improve upon it with dynamic, constraint-aware allocation.
Feature Engineering The process of selecting and transforming raw data into variables that improve a machine learning model's predictive accuracy. In plain terms: teaching the AI which signals matter and which are noise. Tomasz Wójcik leads this work at IA Investments — converting raw maintenance logs, transaction histories, and telematics data into inputs our models can learn from.
Offering Memorandum The disclosure document used in exempt-market (private) securities offerings in Canada. Typically 80–200 pages. Where the fee provisions that cost you real money are buried — exit penalties, misaligned waterfall structures, liquidity restrictions. Our AI due diligence service parses these against a database of 2,400+ Canadian alternative offerings to flag what's unusual before you commit capital.
Waterfall Provisions The order in which profits are distributed in a private fund structure. Determines who gets paid first and how much — the single most important section of an offering memorandum most investors skip. A misaligned waterfall can mean the fund manager takes their performance fee before you recover your principal. One client avoided $86,000 in exit penalties because our AI flagged waterfall language that contradicted how the product was marketed.
Backtesting Running a model against historical data it wasn't trained on to evaluate how it would have performed. Essential for validating AI models — and trivially easy to manipulate by selecting favorable time windows or overfitting to past data. We disclose our backtesting methodology, including the specific data periods used, what data was excluded, and where the model underperformed expectations. Transparency about limitations is more valuable than impressive-looking charts.

What We're Investigating: The Problems Driving Our Research Agenda

Our research agenda is driven by the problems our clients face — not by academic curiosity alone. These are the themes Dr. Elaine Cheung's AI research team is actively exploring, each one originating from a real gap between what the investment industry offers and what owner-operated businesses actually need. When a research thread produces actionable results, it becomes a service. When it doesn't, we shelve it — no matter how intellectually interesting it was.

1

Cash-Flow-Aware Allocation

How recurrent neural networks can learn a business's unique revenue rhythm and dynamically adjust investment timing — month by month, not quarter by quarter. The thesis: portfolios for business owners should never assume steady contributions. The proof of concept came from Pacific Prairie Grain Corp., where 11 years of transaction history trained a model that improved the Sharpe ratio from 0.42 to 0.91. We're now extending this framework to handle multi-entity corporate structures where cash flows between operating companies and holding companies.

2

NLP for Regulatory Monitoring

Training natural language processing models on Canadian securities filings, SEDAR+ disclosures, and earnings transcripts to surface material language changes within hours — not days. Our stakeholder engagement matrix identifies which filings affect which client portfolios, so alerts are targeted rather than overwhelming. In Q4 2025 alone, our NLP monitoring flagged 14 new or amended regulatory provisions affecting residential care operators — three of which directly impacted facility operating margins for clients in that sector. Read more about how this works on our markets page.

3

Multi-Stakeholder Decision Models

Monte Carlo frameworks that model competing risk preferences across family members as simultaneous constraints — turning "we can't agree" into Pareto-optimal allocations. Our conflict resolution facilitation approach is data-driven, not diplomatic. The Fraser Valley Brewing Collective engagement proved the concept: four families, fourteen months of deadlock, resolved in six weeks through 50,000 simulated scenarios. We're now extending the framework to handle succession buyout structures where generational risk tolerances diverge sharply.

4

CapEx Timing Intelligence

Gradient-boosted decision trees applied to fleet replacement, equipment acquisition, and commercial property decisions. We're integrating disaster recovery frameworks into capital planning models — because business continuity and investment timing are inseparable. For freight operators, the EV transition timeline has moved the break-even point for Class 8 electric trucks in BC from 2031 to late 2028, making next-cycle powertrain choice a narrowing decision window. Our models incorporate federal rebates, BC Hydro commercial rates, diesel pricing, and Ritchie Bros. auction data to recommend unit-by-unit timing. See our sector signals for current CapEx trends.

5

Capability Maturity in AI Adoption

A capability maturity assessment framework for family businesses evaluating AI-driven investment tools. Where to start. What to adopt first. What to ignore entirely. Our resource utilization tracking shows where AI delivers measurable value and where it wastes time and money. This research directly informs the onboarding process described on our services page — we meet clients where they are technologically, not where we'd like them to be. The framework has three tiers: foundational (consolidation and fee analysis), intermediate (cash-flow-aware portfolio construction), and advanced (custom NLP monitoring and scenario planning).

6

Alternative Investment Due Diligence

NLP-powered parsing of offering memoranda — comparing fee structures and waterfall provisions against a database of 2,400+ Canadian alternative offerings. The AI flags what's unusual. Humans decide what matters. This research stream has already saved individual clients five-figure sums: Ranjit Sidhu of Sidhu & Sons Transport avoided $86,000 in exit penalties from a single offering memorandum review. We're expanding the database to include US-domiciled offerings marketed to Canadian investors — an increasingly common cross-border complexity.

"Most vendor AI products are a logistic regression wearing a trench coat."

Dr. Elaine Cheung, Director of AI Research, IA Investments

Concrete Deliverables: What Our Research Produces for Clients

Every piece of research translates into concrete deliverables for our clients. We don't publish for prestige — we publish because the analysis proved useful enough to share. Each deliverable type below has been refined through hundreds of client interactions since 2013, shaped by the feedback of business owners who have no patience for reports that look impressive but don't change decisions.

Investment Research Reports

Deep-dive analysis on specific sectors, securities, or market conditions relevant to BC's owner-operated businesses. Each report includes a plain-language "So What?" section — because a brilliant analysis nobody understands is worth exactly nothing. Reports cover themes like the ones explored on our markets page: freight fleet economics, agricultural commodity timing, residential care regulatory shifts, and construction equipment depreciation curves. Every recommendation identifies where the model is confident and where it isn't — and where human judgment from Marcus Redfield or Naveen Kaur overrode the algorithm's output.

Fund Fact Sheets

Concise performance and risk summaries for the strategies we recommend. Updated quarterly with data as of the most recent quarter-end. Every metric accompanied by context: what it means for your specific situation, not just what the number is. We include Sharpe ratios, maximum drawdown figures, and benchmark comparisons — but also a narrative explanation of what drove performance that quarter. A 7% return means something very different when it came from a calm trending market versus a volatile recovery. We explain the difference.

Due Diligence Packages

Comprehensive AI-parsed analysis of alternative investment offerings — syndicated mortgages, limited partnerships, exempt market products. We flag unusual terms, conflicts of interest, and structural risks before you commit capital. Each package compares the offering's fee structure and waterfall provisions against our database of 2,400+ Canadian alternative offerings, highlighting where the terms fall relative to market norms. Available as a standalone project engagement — typically $1,500–$4,000 depending on document complexity. One review saved a client $86,000 in exit penalties they would have discovered only when trying to leave.

Account Statements & Fee Analysis

Cross-account mapping reports that show what you own, what you're paying, and where overlap exists across every institution. Our consolidation audits have identified $2.3M in fee savings for clients since 2018 — individual results ranging from $8,000 to $52,000 annually depending on account complexity and existing MER loads. Each report includes a portfolio coherence score that quantifies how well your accounts work together as a unified strategy versus a collection of disconnected decisions. Tomasz Wójcik builds custom real-time dashboards for clients who want ongoing consolidated visibility across institutions.

Get Our Research — When It's Worth Reading

We publish 4–6 times per year. Unsubscribe anytime. No spam, no drip campaigns, no 12-part email sequences designed to psychologically nudge you toward a sales call. Just original analysis from a team of six people who would rather say nothing than say something empty. Every publication addresses a real question raised by a real client or prospect — the same research that informs our investment strategies and market commentary.

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Have a Question About Something You've Read?

Our research raises questions — that's the point. If something sparked a thought about your own portfolio, business, or family situation, we'd rather have that conversation than leave you guessing. No pressure, no pitch. A real person — typically Priya Dhaliwal or Marcus Redfield — responds within one business day. If your question requires deeper analysis, we'll tell you honestly whether it's a quick answer or something that warrants a project engagement.

Important Disclosures

Past performance is not indicative of future results. All investment returns referenced on this site are historical and do not guarantee future performance.

Investing involves risk, including the possible loss of principal. The value of investments and the income derived from them may go down as well as up.

IA Investments Inc. is registered as a Portfolio Manager (Registration No. PM-2013-07842) and Exempt Market Dealer (Registration No. EMD-2013-07843) in British Columbia under the jurisdiction of the British Columbia Securities Commission (BCSC). Registration details are publicly available through the Canadian Securities Administrators' National Registration Database (NRD).

Licence No. BC-FIN-2013-4417. Member of the Mutual Fund Dealers Association of Canada (MFDA) — Membership No. 91562.